Compare Holy See (Vatican City) (2007) - Tokelau (2007)

Compare Holy See (Vatican City) (2007) z Tokelau (2007)

	Holy See (Vatican City) (2007)	Tokelau (2007)

Administrative divisions	none	none (territory of New Zealand)
Age structure	-	0-14 years: 42% 15-64 years: 53% 65 years and over: 5%
Agriculture - products	-	coconuts, copra, breadfruit, papayas, bananas; pigs, poultry, goats; fish
Area	total: 0.44 sq km land: 0.44 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 10 sq km land: 10 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	about 0.7 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC	about 17 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background	Popes in their secular role ruled portions of the Italian peninsula for more than a thousand years until the mid 19th century, when many of the Papal States were seized by the newly united Kingdom of Italy. In 1870, the pope's holdings were further circumscribed when Rome itself was annexed. Disputes between a series of "prisoner" popes and Italy were resolved in 1929 by three Lateran Treaties, which established the independent state of Vatican City and granted Roman Catholicism special status in Italy. In 1984, a concordat between the Holy See and Italy modified certain of the earlier treaty provisions, including the primacy of Roman Catholicism as the Italian state religion. Present concerns of the Holy See include religious freedom, international development, the Middle East, terrorism, interreligious dialogue and reconciliation, and the application of church doctrine in an era of rapid change and globalization. About 1 billion people worldwide profess the Catholic faith.	Originally settled by Polynesian emigrants from surrounding island groups, the Tokelau Islands were made a British protectorate in 1889. They were transferred to New Zealand administration in 1925.
Birth rate	-	NA
Budget	revenues: $247 million expenditures: $243 million (2005)	revenues: $430,800 expenditures: $2.8 million (1987 est.)
Capital	name: Vatican City geographic coordinates: 41 54 N, 12 27 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October	none; each atoll has its own administrative center time difference: UTC-11 (6 hours behind Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	temperate; mild, rainy winters (September to May) with hot, dry summers (May to September)	tropical; moderated by trade winds (April to November)
Coastline	0 km (landlocked)	101 km
Constitution	new Fundamental Law promulgated by Pope JOHN PAUL II on 26 November 2000, effective 22 February 2001 (replaces the first Fundamental Law of 1929)	administered under the Tokelau Islands Act of 1948; amended in 1970
Country name	conventional long form: The Holy See (State of the Vatican City) conventional short form: Holy See (Vatican City) local long form: Santa Sede (Stato della Citta del Vaticano) local short form: Santa Sede (Citta del Vaticano)	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Tokelau
Death rate	-	NA
Dependency status	-	self-administering territory of New Zealand; note - Tokelau and New Zealand have agreed to a draft constitution as Tokelau moves toward free association with New Zealand; a UN sponsored referendum on self governance in October 2007 did not produce the two-thirds majority vote necessary for changing the political status
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Francis ROONEY embassy: Villa Domiziana, Via delle Terme Deciane 26, 00153 Rome mailing address: PSC 59, Box 66, APO AE 09624 telephone: [39] (06) 4674-3428 FAX: [39] (06) 575-8346	none (territory of New Zealand)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Apostolic Nuncio Archbishop Pietro SAMBI chancery: 3339 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 333-7121 FAX: [1] (202) 337-4036	none (territory of New Zealand)
Disputes - international	none	Tokelau included American Samoa's Swains Island (Olohega) in its 2006 draft constitution
Economic aid - recipient	-	NA
Economy - overview	This unique, noncommercial economy is supported financially by an annual contribution (known as Peter's Pence) from Roman Catholic dioceses throughout the world; by the sale of postage stamps, coins, medals, and tourist mementos; by fees for admission to museums; and by the sale of publications. Investments and real estate income also account for a sizable portion of revenue. The incomes and living standards of lay workers are comparable to those of counterparts who work in the city of Rome.	Tokelau's small size (three villages), isolation, and lack of resources greatly restrain economic development and confine agriculture to the subsistence level. The people rely heavily on aid from New Zealand - about $4 million annually - to maintain public services with annual aid being substantially greater than GDP. The principal sources of revenue come from sales of copra, postage stamps, souvenir coins, and handicrafts. Money is also remitted to families from relatives in New Zealand.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh	NA kWh
Electricity - imports	NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by Italy	-
Electricity - production	NA kWh	NA kWh
Elevation extremes	lowest point: unnamed location 19 m highest point: unnamed location 75 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 5 m
Environment - current issues	NA	limited natural resources and overcrowding are contributing to emigration to New Zealand
Environment - international agreements	party to: Climate Change signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution, Environmental Modification	-
Ethnic groups	Italians, Swiss, other	Polynesian
Exchange rates	euros per US dollar - 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002)	New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 1.5408 (2006), 1.4203 (2005), 1.5087 (2004), 1.7221 (2003), 2.1622 (2002)
Executive branch	chief of state: Pope BENEDICT XVI (since 19 April 2005) head of government: Secretary of State Cardinal Tarcisio BERTONE (since 15 September 2006) cabinet: Pontifical Commission appointed by the pope elections: pope elected for life by the College of Cardinals; election last held 19 April 2005 (next to be held after the death of the current pope); secretary of state appointed by the pope election results: Joseph RATZINGER elected Pope BENEDICT XVI	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General of New Zealand Anand SATYANAND (since 23 August 2006); New Zealand is represented by Administrator David PAYTON (since 17 October 2006) head of government: Kolouei O'BRIEN (2006); note - position rotates annually among the three Faipule (village leaders) cabinet: the Council for the Ongoing Government of Tokelau, consisting of three Faipule (village leaders) and three Pulenuku (village mayors), functions as a cabinet elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade in New Zealand; the head of government is chosen from the Council of Faipule and serves a one-year term
Exports	-	$0 f.o.b. (2002)
Exports - commodities	-	stamps, copra, handicrafts
Exports - partners	-	New Zealand (2006)
Fiscal year	calendar year	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	two vertical bands of yellow (hoist side) and white with the arms of the Holy See, consisting of the crossed keys of Saint Peter surmounted by the three-tiered papal tiara, centered in the white band	the flag of New Zealand is used
GDP - composition by sector	-	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - real growth rate	-	NA%
Geographic coordinates	41 54 N, 12 27 E	9 00 S, 172 00 W
Geography - note	landlocked; enclave in Rome, Italy; world's smallest state; beyond the territorial boundary of Vatican City, the Lateran Treaty of 1929 grants the Holy See extraterritorial authority over 23 sites in Rome and five outside of Rome, including the Pontifical Palace at Castel Gandolfo (the Pope's summer residence)	consists of three atolls (Atafu, Fakaofo, Nukunonu), each with a lagoon surrounded by a number of reef-bound islets of varying length and rising to over 3 m above sea level
Imports	NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by Italy	$969,200 c.i.f. (2002)
Imports - commodities	-	foodstuffs, building materials, fuel
Imports - partners	-	New Zealand (2006)
Independence	11 February 1929 (from Italy); note - the three treaties signed with Italy on 11 February 1929 acknowledged, among other things, the full sovereignty of the Vatican and established its territorial extent; however, the origin of the Papal States, which over the years have varied considerably in extent, may be traced back to the 8th century	none (territory of New Zealand)
Industries	printing; production of coins, medals, postage stamps; a small amount of mosaics and staff uniforms; worldwide banking and financial activities	small-scale enterprises for copra production, woodworking, plaited craft goods; stamps, coins; fishing
Infant mortality rate	-	total: NA male: NA female: NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-	NA%
International organization participation	CE (observer), CPLP (associate), IAEA, IOM (observer), ITSO, ITU, ITUC, NAM (guest), OAS (observer), OPCW, OSCE, UN (observer), UNCTAD, UNHCR, Union Latina (observer), UNWTO (observer), UPU, WIPO, WTO (observer)	PIF (observer), SPC, UNESCO (associate), UPU
Irrigated land	0 sq km	NA
Judicial branch	there are three tribunals responsible for civil and criminal matters within Vatican City; three other tribunals rule on issues pertaining to the Holy See note: judicial duties were established by the Motu Proprio of Pope PIUS XII on 1 May 1946	Supreme Court in New Zealand exercises civil and criminal jurisdiction in Tokelau
Labor force	NA	440 (2001)
Labor force - by occupation	note: essentially services with a small amount of industry; dignitaries, priests, nuns, guards, and 3,000 lay workers live outside the Vatican	-
Land boundaries	total: 3.2 km border countries: Italy 3.2 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (urban area) (2005)	arable land: 0% (soil is thin and infertile) permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)
Languages	Italian, Latin, French, various other languages	Tokelauan (a Polynesian language), English
Legal system	based on Code of Canon Law and revisions to it	New Zealand and local statutes
Legislative branch	unicameral Pontifical Commission	unicameral General Fono (21 seats; based upon proportional representation from the three islands elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; Nukunonu has six seats, Fakaofo has seven seats, Atafu has eight seats); note - the Tokelau Amendment Act of 1996 confers limited legislative power on the General Fono elections: last held January 2005 (next to be held January 2008)
Life expectancy at birth	-	total population: NA male: NA female: NA
Literacy	definition: NA total population: 100% male: 100% female: 100%	NA
Location	Southern Europe, an enclave of Rome (Italy)	Oceania, group of three atolls in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand
Map references	Europe	Oceania
Maritime claims	none (landlocked)	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of Italy; ceremonial and limited security duties performed by Pontifical Swiss Guard	defense is the responsibility of New Zealand
Military branches	Pontifical Swiss Guard (Corpo della Guardia Svizzera Pontificia)	-
National holiday	Coronation Day of Pope BENEDICT XVI, 24 April (2005)	Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)
Nationality	noun: none adjective: none	noun: Tokelauan(s) adjective: Tokelauan
Natural hazards	NA	lies in Pacific typhoon belt
Natural resources	none	NEGL
Net migration rate	-	NA
Political parties and leaders	none	none
Political pressure groups and leaders	none (exclusive of influence exercised by church officers)	none
Population	821 (July 2007 est.)	1,449 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	0% (2007 est.)	-0.018% (2007 est.)
Radio broadcast stations	AM 4, FM 3, shortwave 2 (2004)	AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA (one radio station provides service to all islands) (2002)
Religions	Roman Catholic	Congregational Christian Church 70%, Roman Catholic 28%, other 2% note: on Atafu, all Congregational Christian Church of Samoa; on Nukunonu, all Roman Catholic; on Fakaofo, both denominations, with the Congregational Christian Church predominant
Sex ratio	-	NA
Suffrage	limited to cardinals less than 80 years old	21 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: automatic digital exchange domestic: connected via fiber optic cable to Telecom Italia network international: country code - 39; uses Italian system	general assessment: modern satellite-based communications system domestic: radiotelephone service between islands international: country code - 690; radiotelephone service to Samoa; government-regulated telephone service (TeleTok), with 3 satellite earth stations
Telephones - main lines in use	5,120 (2005)	300 (2002)
Television broadcast stations	1 (2005)	-
Terrain	urban; low hill	low-lying coral atolls enclosing large lagoons
Total fertility rate	-	NA
Unemployment rate	-	NA%

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